Consumer Knowledge about Dietary Relevance of Fruits and Vegetables: A Study Involving Participants from Portugal and France.

Fruits and vegetables are recommended as low-calorie foods that contribute to the proper intake of necessary micronutrients, macronutrients, and bioactive compounds with health benefits. However, the recommendations for the dietary intake of these foods fail to be attained in most European countries. For this reason, promoting more knowledge about the health effects of fruits and vegetables is essential to decrease the incidence of chronic diseases. This study was conducted to investigate the knowledge of the health benefits of fruits and vegetables among the population of Portugal and France. The present work involved a questionnaire survey of 639 participants (257 from Portugal and 382 from France). The results revealed that most participants were young females (68.9%) with good education (76%) and an average weight range. They consumed a varied diet (57%) but had body dissatisfaction (63.2%). The respondents had good knowledge about the health effects of fruits and vegetables. However, the French population knew more about the theme than the Portuguese. Portuguese individuals were more likely to have incomplete information. Gender and education significantly influenced knowledge levels, with females and highly educated individuals demonstrating greater understanding. Dissatisfaction with body weight drives individuals to seek nutrition information. This investigation enhances our comprehension of the factors that affect knowledge of vegetable and fruit consumption among young adults in Portugal and France. Moreover, it highlights the importance of implementing focused educational programs to enhance nutrition literacy, particularly for less-aware demographic groups. Going forward, a more in-depth analysis of these factors could assist in creating more efficient strategies to encourage healthier dietary habits and improve nutrition literacy among these communities.

DNA high-risk HPV, mRNA HPV and P16 tests for diagnosis of anal cancer and precursor lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Anal cancer prevention has two critical points: the incidence rate is several fold higher for some groups, such as people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and men who have sex with men (MSM), and there is not a well-defined guideline for its screening. This systematic review evaluates the accuracy of DNA HRHPV (high-risk human papillomavirus), mRNA HPV, DNA HPV16 isolated and p16 staining biomarkers in anal canal smears for identifying anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) 2 or 3, summarised as anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (aHSIL), and cancer. Methods: We searched the MEDLINE, Cochrane Library and Embase electronic databases as well as Grey literature to identify eligible papers published up to 31st July 2022. This systematic review and meta-analysis included observational studies comparing biomarker tests to histopathology after HRA (High-resolution Anoscopy) as a reference standard. We (ACM, TF) analysed studies in which patients of both sexes were screened for anal cancer using DNA HRHPV, mRNA HPV, DNA HPV16 and/or p16 biomarkers. The analysis was performed in pairs, for instance AIN2 or worse (AIN2+) vs. AIN1, HPV infection and normal (AIN1-). PROSPERO CRD42015024201. Findings: We included 21 studies with 7445 patients. DNA HR HPV showed a higher sensitivity 92.4% (95% CI 84.2-96.5), specificity 41.7% (95% CI 33.9-44.9) and AUC 0.67, followed by the mRNA HPV test, with a sensitivity 77.3% (95% CI 73.2%-80.9%), specificity 61.9% (95% CI 56.6-66.9) and AUC 0.78. DNA HPV16 showed higher specificity 71.7% (95% CI 55.3-83.8), followed by p16 test, 64.1% (95% CI 51.0-75.4); Sensitivity of DNA HPV16 was 53.3% (95% CI 35.4-70.3) and AUC 0.69, while p16 had a sensitivity of 68.8% (95% CI 47.9-84.1) and AUC 0.74. Subgroup analysis of MSM with HIV, with 13 studies and 5123 patients, showed similar accuracy, with a bit higher sensitivities and lower specificities. Considering the measure of the total between-study variability, mRNA HPV tests showed the smallest area of the 95% prediction ellipse, 6.0%, influenced by the low logit sensitivity, 0.011. All other groups of tests exceed 50% prediction ellipse area, which represent a high heterogeneity. Interpretation: Our findings suggested that DNA HR HPV can be a useful tool for screening for aHSIL and anal cancer if followed by biomarker with a higher specificity. As an isolated test, mRNA HPV had better performance. Funding: There was no funding source for this study.

Consumer attitudes and perceptions towards chilled ready-to-eat foods: a multi-national study.

Understanding consumers' behavior and their handling of high-risk foods at home is essential for reducing the number of foodborne illnesses. This study shows the results of a cross-national analysis of consumers' perception from nine countries, and the identification of customers' clusters and its characteristics in order to understand customers' behavior, and to build safe chilled ready-to-eat (RTE) foods prevention strategies. The cluster analysis resulted in two clusters: (1) "Precautious consumers" characterized by the orientation towards pre-packed RTE foods, with consumers mainly coming from Bosnia and Herzegovina, India, Poland, Portugal, Spain, and Turkey. Their attitudes and self-reported practices may be categorized as less risky in terms of food-borne illnesses connected with the consumption of RTE foods; (2) "Unconcerned consumers" preferred cutting and slicing RTE foods freshly at the point of purchase, usually sold at the delicatessen department in a supermarket or at open markets. Those consumers mostly came from Croatia, Serbia and Slovenia and their attitudes and self-reported practices were riskier. These results allow a better understating of what characterizes consumers of RTE foods in different countries.

Nesprin-2 Recruitment of BicD2 to the Nuclear Envelope Controls Dynein/Kinesin-Mediated Neuronal Migration In Vivo.

Vertebrate brain development depends on a complex program of cell proliferation and migration. Post-mitotic neuronal migration in the developing cerebral cortex involves Nesprin-2, which recruits cytoplasmic dynein, kinesin, and actin to the nuclear envelope (NE) in other cell types. However, the relative importance of these interactions in neurons has remained poorly understood. To address these issues, we performed in utero electroporation into the developing rat brain to interfere with Nesprin-2 function. We find that an ∼100-kDa "mini" form of the ∼800-kDa Nesprin-2 protein, which binds dynein and kinesin, is sufficient, remarkably, to support neuronal migration. In contrast to dynein's role in forward nuclear migration in these cells, we find that kinesin-1 inhibition accelerates neuronal migration, suggesting a novel role for the opposite-directed motor proteins in regulating migration velocity. In contrast to studies in fibroblasts, the actin-binding domain of Nesprin-2 was dispensable for neuronal migration. We find further that, surprisingly, the motor proteins interact with Nesprin-2 through the dynein/kinesin "adaptor" BicD2, both in neurons and in non-mitotic fibroblasts. Furthermore, mutation of the Nesprin-2 LEWD sequence, implicated in nuclear envelope kinesin recruitment in other systems, interferes with BicD2 binding. Although disruption of the Nesprin-2/BicD2 interaction severely inhibited nuclear movement, centrosome advance proceeded unimpeded, supporting an independent mechanism for centrosome advance. Our data together implicate Nesprin-2 as a novel and fundamentally important form of BicD2 cargo and help explain BicD2's role in neuronal migration and human disease.

Accuracy of mRNA HPV Tests for Triage of Precursor Lesions and Cervical Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review evaluates the accuracy of the mRNA HPV biomarker in cervical smears to identify cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2 or 3 and cervical cancer. DATA SOURCE: Eligible studies were identified by performing a search of electronic databases on Medline via Pubmed, Lilacs, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Grey literature for papers published between January 1990 and June 2018. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: As no randomized studies were identified, this review focuses on observational studies in which the mRNA HPV diagnostic test was compared to a histopathology reference standard. We analyzed studies that included women screened for cervical cancer using mRNA HPV. STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS: After screening, 61 studies including 29,674 patients met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Dichotomization was performed by defining CIN2 or worse (CIN2+) versus CIN1, HPV infection, and normal (CIN 1-). The analysis was discriminated by the following tests: Aptima, PreTect HPV Profeer, NucliSens EasyQ HPV, OncoTect, and Quantivirus. RESULTS: Analyzing by technique, Aptima, with 28 studies, exhibited superior performance, showing for the outcomes CIN2+ and CIN3+ an AUC of 0.88 (0.82-0.95) and 0.91 (0.84-0.99), a pooled sensitivity of 92.8% (95%CI 91.9-93.7) and 95.6% (95%CI 94.5-96.5), and a pooled specificity of 60.5% (95%CI 59.8-61.3) and 61.9% (95%CI 61.1-62.7), respectively. CONCLUSION: This study supports the current hypothesis that the mRNA HPV assay is an adequate tool for secondary cervical cancer screening.

Accuracy of Messenger RNA Human Papillomavirus Tests for Diagnostic Triage of Minor Cytological Cervical Lesions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

OBJECTIVES: The main objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to specify the accuracy of messenger RNA human papillomavirus (HPV) tests among women with previous minor cervical lesion cytology to detect high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (CIN2+ and CIN3+) compared with a histopathological reference standard. The secondary objective is to compare messenger RNA HPV test accuracies and the DNA high-risk HPV test among these women. METHODS: Eligible studies were identified by searching the electronic databases with medical subject headings. MAIN RESULTS: Among the 2052 studies identified, 20 primary studies were included. Two tests were mainly identified: Aptima and PreTect HPV-Proofer. Aptima, with 10 studies, had better performance, considering atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion together, with a pooled sensitivity of 90.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 88.1-92.6) and specificity of 55.1% (95% CI, 53.5-56.8) for CIN2+. For the ASC-US sample, Aptima had a pooled sensitivity of 90.1% (95% CI, 87.1-92.7) and specificity of 59.3% (95% CI, 57.5-61.1). CONCLUSIONS: Messenger RNA HPV tests, mainly Aptima assay, can be recommended to triage women with ASC-US and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion because it has higher specificity with a small loss of sensitivity than Hybrid Capture 2 assay; this finding is promising as a means to reduce the overmanagement of minor cytological abnormalities.

Distinct roles for dynein light intermediate chains in neurogenesis, migration, and terminal somal translocation.

Cytoplasmic dynein participates in multiple aspects of neocortical development. These include neural progenitor proliferation, morphogenesis, and neuronal migration. The cytoplasmic dynein light intermediate chains (LICs) 1 and 2 are cargo-binding subunits, though their relative roles are not well understood. Here, we used in utero electroporation of shRNAs or LIC functional domains to determine the relative contributions of the two LICs in the developing rat brain. We find that LIC1, through BicD2, is required for apical nuclear migration in neural progenitors. In newborn neurons, we observe specific roles for LIC1 in the multipolar to bipolar transition and glial-guided neuronal migration. In contrast, LIC2 contributes to a novel dynein role in the little-studied mode of migration, terminal somal translocation. Together, our results provide novel insight into the LICs' unique functions during brain development and dynein regulation overall.

Accuracy of Anal Cytology for Diagnostic of Precursor Lesions of Anal Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Anal canal carcinoma is relevant because it commonly occurs in high-risk groups, and its incidence has been increasing. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the accuracy of anal cytology in the screening of precursor lesions of anal cancer, compared with histopathologic examination as the reference, in all subjects and in men who have sex with men, HIV-infected men and women, and men who have sex with men and HIV-infected subgroups. DATA SOURCES: The data included studies identified in the MEDLINE, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences, Cochrane Library, and Embase electronic databases, as well as in the grey literature. The search terms included anal cancer, anal dysplasia, anal intraepithelial neoplasia, screening, and anal cytology. STUDY SELECTION: After excluding studies with no histopathological data and those with duplicate and missing data, 34 primary studies were included. INTERVENTION: Cytology of anal smears was studied. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic OR, and area under the curve were measured. RESULTS: A total of 5093 patients were included. The pooled sensitivity of anal cytology was 85.0% (95% CI, 82.0%-87.0%) and pooled specificity was 43.2% (95% CI, 41.4%-45.1%) for the detection of anal intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse versus anal intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 and normal when measuring all subjects. The accuracy of anal cytology was higher in the men who have sex with men and HIV-infected and men who have sex with men only subgroups. LIMITATIONS: This study was limited by its specificity. CONCLUSIONS: The study results support the hypothesis that cytology is a good test for the screening of anal cancer.

Nuclear migration in mammalian brain development.

During development of the mammalian brain, neural stem cells divide and give rise to adult stem cells, glia and neurons, which migrate to their final locations. Nuclear migration is an important feature of neural stem cell (radial glia progenitor) proliferation and subsequent postmitotic neuronal migration. Defects in nuclear migration contribute to severe neurodevelopmental disorders such as microcephaly and lissencephaly. In this review, we address the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for nuclear migration during the radial glia cell cycle and postmitotic neuronal migration, with a particular focus on the role of molecular motors and cytoskeleton dynamics in regulating nuclear behavior.

Protection of blood brain barrier integrity and modulation of inflammatory mediators during treatment of pneumococcal meningitis with daptomycin or ceftriaxone.

Pneumococcal meningitis is associated with neurologic sequelae, such as learning and memory impairment. Most recently, a nonbacteriolytic antibiotic has been investigated to minimise the inflammatory host response and prevent cognitive damage. In this study, we compared daptomycin (DPTO) or ceftriaxone (CFX) treatment on the inflammatory parameters and on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity in experimental pneumococcal meningitis. In the first experiment, the animals received 10 µl of a Streptococcus pneumoniae suspension or artificial cerebrospinal fluid by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) and were treated with CFX or DPTO at 18 h post-infection. The animals were euthanised at 18, 20, 24, 36 and 40 h post-infection. In the hippocampus, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-10 levels were not different between treatment groups; however, IL-4 and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant 1 (CINC-1) levels decreased in the CFX group. In the frontal cortex, TNF-α, IL- 4, IL-6, IL-10 and BDNF levels were not different between treatment groups. Only CINC-1 levels decreased at 40 h postinfection with CFX treatment. In the second experiment, the animals received DPTO or CFX for 7 days and were euthanised 10 days after pneumococcal meningitis induction. TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, CINC-1 and BDNF levels were not different between treatment groups in the hippocampus; however, IL-4 levels decreased in CFX group. In the third experiment, the animals received 10 µl of an S. pneumoniae suspension or artificial CSF by i.c.v. and were treated with a single dose of CFX or DTPO antibiotic; assessment of the BBB breakdown showed that both antibiotics prevented the BBB disruption. Both treatments equally protected the BBB integrity, and there were no significant difference in cytokine production.

Attenuation of cognitive impairment by the nonbacteriolytic antibiotic daptomycin in Wistar rats submitted to pneumococcal meningitis.

BACKGROUND: Streptococcus pneumoniae is associated with neurologic sequels, such as, seizures, sensory-motor deficits, hearing loss, learning and memory impairment, which can occur in approximately 30 to 52% of surviving patients. Neuronal damage can be caused by intense inflammatory reaction and direct effects of the bacteria virulence factors. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the nonbacteriolytic antibiotic daptomycin versus ceftriaxone on behavioral parameters in adult Wistar rats submitted to pneumococcal meningitis. RESULTS: Ten days after induction we verified that the meningitis group with daptomycin treatment showed retention of aversive memory; it presented memory of the object recognition at short term and long term. In continuous multiple-trials step-down inhibitory avoidance task the meningitis group with ceftriaxone treatment required approximately two times more stimulus to reach the acquisition criterion when compared with meningitis group with daptomycin treatment. However, in the habituation memory test there were no differences in the number of crossings and rearings in training and task sessions demonstrating habituation impairment to the environment task in both meningitis groups. CONCLUSIONS: The evidence of the present study shows the potential alternative of the treatment with daptomycin in preventing learning and memory impairments caused by pneumococcal meningitis. Further investigations are necessary to provide support for evaluation of daptomycin as an alternative treatment of bacterial meningitis.

Transscleral diode laser retinopexy in retinal reattachment surgery

PURPOSE: Transscleral diode retinal photocoagulation (diopexy) is becoming an accepted technique in the treatment of selected retinal diseases. The objective of this study is to evaluate diopexy technique in the production of adhesive chorioretinal lesions during the surgical treatment of the rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. METHODS: 25 patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were enrolled in a prospective clinical-surgical study to evaluate the technique of transscleral diode laser photocoagulation to obtain adhesive chorioretinal lesions during retinal reattachment surgery. The surgery consisted of the placement of an exoplant silicon to produce a buckle effect combined with a drainage of subretinal fluid in most cases. RESULTS: By a mean follow-up of 10 months, 21 of 25 eyes had their retinas reattached after only one surgery with diopexy used in all cases. CONCLUSION: Transscleral diode laser photocoagulation was a technically easy, controlled, effective, reproducible and safe means of obtaining chorioretinal adhesion in retinal reattachment surgery.

Laser de diodo transescleral na cirurgia de deslocamento regmatogênico de retina / Laser of diode transcleral in the surgery of displacement retine regmatogenic

Avaliou-se, através de estudo clínico prospectivo a técnica de aplicação do laser de diodo transescleral (diopexia) como meio de promoção de reação cório-retiniana na correção cirúrgica do descolamento de retina em vinte e cinco pacientes com descolamento de retina regmatogênico sem vítreo-retinopatia proliferativa graus B ou C. A cirurgia consistiu de retinopexia com introflexão escleral obtida com segmentos de silicone sólido, associada a drenagem do líquido sub-retiniano (em caso de bolsas volumosas) e aplicação de diopexia ao redor da(s) descontinuidade(s) retiniana(s) localizada(s). Obteve-se a reação cório-retiniana desejada com potência de 300 a 500 microwatts e tempo de exposição entre l e 2 segundos. Os pacientes apresentavam 20 a 60 anos de idade (média de 36,8 anos), sendo quinze pacientes do sexo masculino e dez do sexo feminino. Treze eram de cor branca, dez de cor negra e dois da raça amarela. Vinte pacientes apresentavam DR com envolvimento macular e cinco apresentavam região macular colada à cirurgia. Da população estudada, 64 por cento apresentavam história de DR há, no mínimo, 2 meses. Dos vinte e cinco pacientes operados, vinte e quatro tiveram a retina colada no per-operatório e um manteve a retina descolada. Três pacientes apresentaram redescolamento no pós-operatório (após tempo de seguimento de 2, 3 e 4 meses, respectivamente) e necessitaram nova cirurgia devido a redescolamento pós-formação de PVR. Desses quatro casos, um não retomou para nova cirurgia (paciente dois) e os demais foram submetidos a vitrectomia via "pars plana" com retirada de membranas epi-retinianas, troca fluido-gasosa e colocação de óleo de silicone com reposicionamento de retina em dois deles (o outro caso manteve o descolamento inferior). Assim, houve reaplicação da retina com somente uma cirurgia em vinte e um dos vinte e cinco pacientes estudados (84 por cento) e com o segundo procedimento (vitrectomia via "pars plana" ) 95 por cento obtiveram reposicionamento da retina. Nenhum caso foi submetido a crioterapia ou fotocoagulação transpupilar complementar. A adesão cório-retiniana foi obtida em todos os casos (exceto os submetidos a vitrectomia) exclusivamente com a aplicação per-operatória do laser transescleral. O tempo de seguimento médio foi de 10,5 meses. A acuidade visual (AV) pré-operatória com melhor correção foi de movimentos de mão a 201400 em dezessete pacientes. Três pacientes apresentavam AV corrigida...(au)

Laser de diodo transescleral na cirurgia de descolamento regmatogênico de retina / Laser of transescleral diode in surgery of regmatogenic detachment of retina

Avaliou-se, através de estudo clínico prospectivo, a eficácia e a técnica de aplicaçao do laser de diodo transescleral (diopexia) como meio de promoçao de reaçao cório-retiniana na correçao cirúrgica do descolamento de retina em vinte e cinco pacientes com descolamento de retina regmatogênico sem vítreo-retinopatía prolíferativa moderada ou severa. A cirurgia consistiu de retinopexia com introflexao escleral obtida com segmentos de silicone sólido, associada a drenagem do líquido sub-retiniano (em caso de bolsas volumosas) e aplicaçao de diopexia ao redor da(s) descontinuidade(s) retiniana(s) localizada(s). Obteve-se a reaçao cório-retiniana desejada com potência de 300 a 500 microwatts e tempo de exposiçao entre l e 2 segundos. Os pacientes apresentavam idade de 20 a 60 anos de idade (média de 36,8 anos), sendo quinze pacientes do sexo masculino e dez do sexo feminino. Treze eram de cor branca, dez de cor negra e dois da raça amarela. Vinte pacientes apresentavam DR com envolvimento macular e cinco apresentavam regiao macular colada à cirurgia. Da populaçao estudada, 64 por cento apresentavam história de DR há, no mínimo, 2 meses. Dos vinte e cinco pacientes operados, vinte e quatro tiveram a retina colada no per-operatório e um manteve a retina descolada. Três pacientes apresentaram redescolamento no pós-operatórío (após tempo de seguimento de 2,3 e 4 meses, respectivamente) e necessitaram de uma segunda cirurgia devido a redescolamento pós-formaçao de PVR. Desses quatro casos, um nao retomou paranova cirurgia (paciente dois) e os demais foram submetidos a vitrectomia via "pars plana" com retirada de membranas epi-retinianas, troca fluido-gasosa e colocaçao de óleo de silicone com reposicionamento de retina em dois deles (o outro caso manteve o descolamento inferior). Assim, houve reaplicaçao da retina com somente uma cirurgia em vinte e um dos vinte ecicnco pacientes estudados (84 por cento). Excluindo o paciente número dois que recusou-se a ser submetido à segunda cirurgia, com este segundo procedimento realizado em três pacientes, a taxa de reaplicaçao retiniana subiu para 91,6 por cento.Nenhum caso foi submetido a crioterapia ou fotocoagulaçao transpupilar complementar. A adesao cório-retiniana foi obtida em todos os casos (exceo os submetidos a vitrectomia) exclusivamente com a aplicaçao per-operatória do laser transescleral. O tempo de seguimento médio foi de 10,5 meses. A acuidade visual (AV) pré-operatória com melhor correçao de mao...(au)

Distrofia macular viteliforme multifocal / Multifocal vitelliform macular distrophy

Säo apresentados 2 casos atípicos da distrofia macular viteliforme de Best. Ao invés da clássica lesäo macular em gema de ovo evidenciou-se a presença de múltiplas lesöes branco-amareladas medindo 200 a 1500 micra e distribuidas difusamente no polo posterior e equador de ambos os olhos. Ambos os casos apresentaram eletrooculograma subnormal

Macroaneurismas arteriais retrinianos adquiridos / Acquired arterial retinal macroaneurysms

Foram analisados retrospectivamente os prontuários de 23 pacientes portadores de 33 macroaneurismas arteriais retinianos adquiridos quanto à epidemiologia, associaçäo de patologias sistêmicas, acuidade visual pré e pós tratamento, número e localizaçäo dos aneurismas. Comparaçäo entre casos tratados e näo tratados e discussäo da bibliografia nacional e mundial existente é efetuada quanto à epidemiologia, indicaçöes de tratamento e prognóstico. Apesar da ocorrência de involuçäo espontânea de grande número de aneurismas, concluímos que quando há acometimento macular o tratamento com fotocoagulaçäo deve ser indicado.

Anestesia local (com sedaçäo) em vitrectomias via "pars plana" / Local anesthesia for pars plana vitrectomy

Anestesia local com sedaçäo foi realizada com sucesso em 268 pacientes submetidos à vitrectomia via pars plana. Em 109 pacientes a duraçäo dos procedimentos cirúrgicos estendeu-se por tempo superior a 2 horas e, mesmo nesses casos, näo houve intercorrências que impossibilitassem a continuaçäo. O emprego de soluçäo de Bupivacaína 0,75 por cento associado a lidocaína 2 por cento com epinefrina e hialuronidase administrada via retrobulbar e peribulbar possibilitou anestesia e imobilidade ocular satisfatórias. A sedaçäo intra-operatória realizada por anestesiologista competente foi considerada fundamental para o sucesso do procedimento

Laser de diodo no tratamento da retinopatia diabética proliferativa / Diode laser in treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy

Foram encontrados 207 pacientes portadores de hanseníase, em hospital colônia, sendo 195 (94,2 por cento) da forma Virchowiana e 12 (5,8 por cento) tuberculóide. Cento e quarenta e sete (71,0 por cento) eram do sexo masculino e 60 (28.9 por cento) do sexo feminino. Setenta e sete (39,5 por cento) pacientes apresentaram alteraçöes dos anexos oculares e 89 (45,6 por cento) apresentaram alteraçöes do bulbo ocular, na forma Virchowiana. Madarose parcial de supercílio foi a alteraçäo dos anexos oculares mais frequente (58 casos; 29,7 por cento) e a alteraçäo do bulbo ocular mais frequente foi a diminuiçäo da sensibilidade corneana (72 casos; 36,9 por cento). Cegueira unilateral ocorreu em 30 (15,4 por cento) pacientes e bilateral em 13 (6,6 por cento) na forma Virchowiana

Sarcoma granulocítico de órbita / Granulocytic sarcoma of the orbit

O sarcoma granulocítico de órbita é um tumor raro que ocorre com maior frequência na populaçäo pediátrica estando associado à leucemia mielóide. Neste trabalho os autores descrevem 2 casos de crianças brasileiras do sexo masculino (provavelmente os 2 primeiros casos descritos no Brasil), o tratamento e a evoluçäo dos mesmos, além de ampla revisäo bibliográfica e a terapêutica atual segundo diversos autores